The primary cause of cervical cancer is persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV), a common virus that spreads through sexual contact. While HPV infections are widespread and most cases clear up naturally, certain high-risk strains can persist and lead to cancer over time if the immune system doesn’t eliminate them effectively. Other factors that increase the risk include smoking, a weakened immune system, long-term use of birth control pills, having multiple full-term pregnancies, and a history of sexually transmitted infections. Dr. Jyoti Anand advises women to be proactive about their health, discussing their risk factors with healthcare providers to determine if additional screenings or preventive measures are needed. Understanding these risks is the first step in reducing the chances of developing cervical cancer, and vaccination against HPV is a highly effective preventive strategy that can protect against the most common high-risk strains.

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